Montenegro’s administrative capital is Podgorica, though its cultural centre is the historical capital and older city of Cetinje. It is also in the process of joining the European Union. Montenegrin Chetniks received the status of "anti-communist militia" and received weapons, ammunition, food rations, and money from Italy.

[5] The GDP PPP for 2019 was $12.516 billion, or $20,083 per capita. For much of the 20th century Montenegro was a part of Yugoslavia, and from 2003 to 2006 it was a component of the federated union of Serbia and Montenegro. Grand Duke Mirko Petrović, elder brother of Knjaz Danilo, led an army of 7,500 and defeated the numerically superior Ottomans with 15,000 troops at Grahovac on 1 May 1858. Sparsely populated Montenegro is noted as a habitat for numerous mammals, including bears, deer, martens, and wild pigs (Sus scrofa). The American author Rex Stout wrote a long series of detective novels featuring his fictional creation Nero Wolfe, who was born in Montenegro. The results of the 2011 census show that Montenegro has 620,029 citizens. The Government of Montenegro has declared the development of Montenegro as an elite tourist destination a top priority. This resulted in the Belgrade Agreement, which saw the country's transformation into a more decentralised state union named Serbia and Montenegro in 2003. Faced with new and overwhelming Italian forces, many of the fighters laid down their arms and returned home. [22], Montenegrin General Pavle Strugar was convicted for his part in the bombing of Dubrovnik. Religious determination according to the 2011 census:[76]. Despite tensions between religious groups during the Bosnian War, Montenegro remained fairly stable, mainly due its population having a historic perspective on religious tolerance and faith diversity. If the methodology used up to 1991 had been adopted in the 2003 census, Montenegro would officially have recorded 673,094 citizens. This process will remain in the focus of Montenegrin foreign policy in the short term. This royal flag was red with a silver border, a silver coat of arms, and the initials НІ, in Cyrillic script (corresponding to NI in Latin script), representing King Nicholas I. [19] Modernization of the state followed, culminating with the draft of a Constitution in 1905. The uprising lasted until mid-August, when it was suppressed by a counter-offensive of 67,000 Italian troops brought in from Albania. In January 2010, The New York Times ranked the Ulcinj South Coast region of Montenegro, including Velika Plaza, Ada Bojana, and the Hotel Mediteran of Ulcinj, among the "Top 31 Places to Go in 2010" as part of a worldwide ranking of tourism destinations. After World War I, it became part of Yugoslavia.

The coastal area is traditionally a representative of Mediterranean cuisine, with seafood being a common dish, while the northern represents more the Oriental.

[40][41], As of late December 2019, the newly adopted Law on Religion, which de jure transfers the ownership of church buildings and estates built before 1918 from the Serbian Orthodox Church to the Montenegrin state,[42][43] sparked a series of large[44] protests followed with road blockages. Montenegro applied for a Membership Action Plan on 5 November 2008, which was granted in December 2009. However, the Venetian Republic introduced governors who meddled in Montenegrin politics.

Montenegro consisted of territories controlled by warlike clans. Abdülhamid Dönemi Osmanlı-Karadağ Siyasi İlişkileri, "Prema oceni istoričara, Trinaestojulski ustanak bio je prvi i najmasovniji oružani otpor u porobljenoj Evropi 1941. godine", "A/RES/47/121.

The other major religions are Islam with 17.74% followers and Roman Catholicism which has 3.54% adherents. Post-graduate education (post-diplomske studije) is offered after tertiary level and offers Masters' degrees, PhD and specialization education. Cetinje, in the Karst region at an elevation of 2,200 feet (670 metres), has an average temperature that is 10 °F (5 °C) lower. Montenegro is a multi-religious country but has Orthodox Christianity as its dominant religion with adherents of 74.24% of the country’s population. No impartial report on the fairness of the referendum was made, as it was unmonitored, unlike in a later 2006 referendum when European Union observers were present. A number of steps were taken to attract foreign investors. The reconstruction of the Belgrade-Bar railway and the proposed Belgrade-Bar motorway are expected to bring the port back up to capacity. Nevertheless, intense guerrilla fighting lasted until December. For a short time, Montenegro existed as a separate autonomous sanjak in 1514–1528 (Sanjak of Montenegro).

The coastal region is noted for seismic activity. Montenegro finds itself at heart of tensions with Russia as it joins Nato: Alliance that bombed country only 18 years ago welcomes it as 29th member in move that has left its citizens divided, МИД РФ: ответ НАТО на предложения российских военных неконкретный и размытый, Комментарий Департамента информации и печати МИД России в связи с голосованием в Скупщине Черногории по вопросу присоединения к НАТО, Darmanović: Montenegro becomes EU member in 2022, "EU to map out membership for 6 western Balkan states", "Thousands march in Montenegro capital to demand president resign", "Montenegrin Antigovernment Protests Enter Eighth Week", "Serbs Protest in Montenegro Ahead of Vote on Religious Law", "Montenegro's Attack on Church Property Will Create Lawless Society", "Montenegro Adopts Law on Religious Rights Amid Protests by pro-Serbs", "Montenegro's parliament approves religion law despite protests", "Several Thousand Protest Church Bill in Montenegro", "Thousands at protest headed by Bishop Amfilohije in Montenegrin capital", "First kilometer deep cave explored by Czech team | ZO 6-14 Suchy Zleb", "Nation in Transit 2020: Dropping the Democratic Facade", "Montenegro to Join NATO on June 5 – WSJ", "President Vujanovic's Closing Speech at the Crans Montana Forum", "NATO Formally Invites Montenegro as 29th Member", "Defying Russia, Montenegro finally joins NATO", "Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Crnoj Gori 2011. godine", "5.