Vol. This psychologically based third model paints a less sanguine portrait of retrospective voting than traditional interpretations based in rational choice. 477, Annual Review of Sociology which features 300 panels and programs on politics. - An editorial cartoon at the beginning of Fiorina's Retrospective Voting (1981) depicts two curmudgeonly businessmen looking out a window into a blizzard. 94, Annual Review of Political Science 23, Annual Review of Resource Economics The effect is bigger where teams have more fan support, where we would expect a greater shock to voters' moods. RETROSPECTIVE VOTING AND PARTY POLARIZATION ... (Nash) versus retrospective voting in a model where two parties commit to policies. Vol. 971, Annual Review of Economics Beyond ensuring that citizens have rights, a main argument in favor of liberal democracy is that elections produce good outcomes via the processes of sanctioning and selection. Assessing the Capacity of Mass Electorates, In From the Cold: Institutions and Causal Inference in Postcommunist Studies, The Contemporary American Conservative Movement, DIRECT DEMOCRACY: New Approaches to Old Questions, The Relationships Between Mass Media, Public Opinion, and Foreign Policy: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis, THE MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY: Beyond Myths and Stereotypes, FOREIGN POLICY AND THE ELECTORAL CONNECTION, Field Experimental Work on Political Institutions, The Geographic Distribution of Political Preferences. - The social psychological school saw party ID as a simple, thoughtless attachment and challenged rational choice theorists to explain this attachment. 10: Vol.

54: - - 269 Using data from the 1956 to 1974 SRC election studies this paper attempts to uncover an individual-level basis for the macro-relationship found by earlier studies. Testing the intentional models of split-ticket voting, The end of economic voting? 20:

Vol. 187, Annual Review of Psychology - 159, Annual Review of Economics - 67: 6: (2012) find that a one-percentage-point increase in the state unemployment rate decreases national retrospective economic evaluations by 0.05 points on a five-point scale. However, school districts can easily manipulate test scores by shuffling students in and out of districts (Bryk et al.

- of Political Science. Vol. 6: at Indiana University. Vol. These findings suggest that elections can improve accountability and that institutions that provide voters with information can assist them in making good retrospective decisions. Rather, we restrict our attention to studies of how voters assess whether incumbent governments have competently managed the economy, war, public safety, and the like. 453, Annual Review of Political Science