tidal turbine

Tidal turbines are best described as underwater wind mills, but with shorter blades rotating at slower speed. There has been an 18% increase in renewable energy since 2006, most of it coming from non-hydro inexhaustible sources, such as wind, wave, tidal, solar energy and thermal. Sea  water  has  more  than  800  times  the density than air, so for the same rotor swept area,  water  moving  at  2.5  m/s  (5  knots) exerts about the same amount of force as a constant 350 km/h wind. The AK-1000 is designed to subsist in harsh weathers and rough, open ocean environments.

The whole substructure is designed to have a small footprint while the nacelle is optimize to minimize the wake effect caused by the water flows. The turbine is deployed in the seabed and stands 73ft tall. This smaller prototype has demonstrated more than 17,000 hour’s production track record of which more than 9,500 hours of continuous operation.At the end of 2014, ANDRITZ Hydro Hammerfest received an order from the UK-based tidal development company MeyGen Ltd. to supply three 1.5 MW tidal current turbines for an array under construction in the Inner Sound of the Pentland Firth, Scotland.

Two sets of blades are fitted on a single unit of the AK-1000 tidal turbine to tackle reflux and flood tides.

Statkraft joined as a new partner and lead share investor in Atlantis by investing $8m in March 2009. Moreover due to tidal cycles and turbine efficiency, the load factor of a conventional tidal barrage is around 25%, which leads to high cost of energy. The tidal stream devices, which utilise these currents, are broadly similar to submerged wind turbines and are used to exploit the kinetic energy in tidal currents. Atlantis Resource Corporation invested approximately $25m to design, build and test the tidal turbine, raising $14m funds for its development. Designed for water depths down to 100m  the tidal turbines are deployed on the seabed and kept in position by gravity, pins or pilings depending on the seabed and tidal stream characteristics. Ocean currents are 832 times denser than air and can be easily stored with a small device, compared to that of wind energy. Due to the higher density of water, this means that the blades can be smaller and turn more slowly, but they still deliver a significant amount of power. The AK-1000 turbine is designed based on development and tests of the earlier two rotor AK-1000 turbines deployed at Orkney. Type: Induction Atlantis Resource Corporation redeployed the AK-1000 tidal turbine at the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) in Orkney, Scotland, in August 2011.

Nominal output: 500-2,000 kW, Weight on methodologies have been developed to minimize installation times and to exclude the use of divers, requiring only the support of Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) for monitoring purposes.
It is meant for among the most taxing marine currents, designed to handle flows up to and above 5m/s. It is predicted that about 50,000MW or 180TWh of electricity a year can be generated through tidal energy worldwide. Tempco of Singapore was responsible for manufacturing the turbine blades.

They can be installed as tidal fences—where turbines are stretched across a channel—or as tidal turbines, which resemble underwater wind turbines ( see wind power ). Tidal turbines are more expensive to build than wind turbines but capture more energy with the same size blades. Tidal turbines are very much like underwater windmills except the rotors are driven by consistent, fast-moving currents.

Read an article about he future of ocean-based electrical energy in Hydro News 27. Tidal current electricity is clean, renewable, reliable  and  predictable. Designed for water depths of between 35 and 100 m, the tidal turbines are deployed on the seabed and kept in position by gravity, pins or pilings (depending on the seabed and tidal stream characteristics).

A demonstration tidal turbine project is under development in the East River of New York.

The diameter of each blade is 18m, and they rotate slowly at a rate of six to eight revolutions a minute, resulting in zero environmental impact.

While  ocean  currents  move  slowly  relative  to  typical  wind speeds, they carry a great deal of energy.